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1  COPY
   Creates a new file from one or more existing files. The COPY
   command can do the following:

   o  Copy an input file to an output file.

   o  Concatenate two or more input files into a single output file.

   o  Copy a group of input files to a group of output files.

   Format

     COPY  input-filespec[,...] output-filespec
 

2  Parameters
 

input-filespec[,...]

   Specifies the name of an existing file to be copied. The asterisk
   (*)  and the percent sign (%) wildcard characters are allowed.
   If you do not specify the device or directory, the COPY command
   uses your current default device and directory. If you specify
   more than one file, separate the file specifications with either
   commas (,)  or plus signs (+).
 

output-filespec

   Specifies the name of the output file into which the input is
   copied.

   You must specify at least one field in the output file
   specification. If you do not specify the device or directory, the
   COPY command uses your current default device and directory. The
   COPY command replaces any other missing fields (file name, file
   type, version number) with the corresponding field of the input
   file specification. If you specify more than one input file, the
   COPY command generally uses the fields from the first input file
   to determine any missing fields in the output file.

   You can use the asterisk (*)  wildcard character in place of
   any two of the following: the file name, the file type, or the
   version number. The COPY command uses the corresponding field in
   the related input file to name the output file.
 

2  Qualifiers
 

/ALLOCATION

      /ALLOCATION=number-of-blocks

   Forces the initial allocation of the output file to the
   specified number of 512-byte blocks. If you do not specify the
   /ALLOCATION qualifier, or if you specify it without the number-
   of-blocks parameter, the initial allocation of the output file is
   determined by the size of the input file being copied.
 

/BACKUP

   Modifies the time value specified with the /BEFORE or the
   /SINCE qualifier. The /BACKUP qualifier selects files according
   to the dates of their most recent backups. This qualifier
   is incompatible with the /CREATED, /EXPIRED, and /MODIFIED
   qualifiers, which also allow you to select files according
   to time attributes. If you specify none of these four time
   qualifiers, the default is the /CREATED qualifier.
 

/BEFORE

      /BEFORE[=time]

   Selects only those files dated prior to the specified time. You
   can specify time as absolute time, as a combination of absolute
   and delta times, or as one of the following keywords: BOOT,
   LOGIN, TODAY (default), TOMORROW, or YESTERDAY. Specify one of
   the following qualifiers with the /BEFORE qualifier to indicate
   the time attribute to be used as the basis for selection:
   /BACKUP, /CREATED (default), /EXPIRED, or /MODIFIED.

   For complete information on specifying time values, see the
   OpenVMS User's Manual or the topic SPECIFY Date_Time in online
   help.
 

/BY_OWNER

      /BY_OWNER[=uic]

   Selects only those files whose owner user identification code
   (UIC) matches the specified owner UIC. The default UIC is that of
   the current process.

   Specify the UIC by using standard UIC format as described in the
   OpenVMS Guide to System Security.
 

/CONCATENATE

      /CONCATENATE (default)
      /NOCONCATENATE

   Creates one output file from multiple input files when you do not
   use the asterisk (*)  or percent sign (%) wildcard characters
   in the output file specification. The /NOCONCATENATE qualifier
   generates multiple output files. A wildcard character in an input
   file specification results in a single output file consisting
   of the concatenation of all input files matching the file
   specification.

   Files from Files-11 On-Disk Structure Level 2 disks are
   concatenated in alphanumeric order; if you specify an asterisk
   (*)  or percent sign (%) wildcard character in the file
   version field, files are copied in descending order by version
   number. Files from Files-11 On-Disk Structure Level 1 disks are
   concatenated in random order.
 

/CONFIRM

      /CONFIRM
      /NOCONFIRM (default)

   Controls whether a request is issued before each copy operation
   to confirm that the operation should be performed on that file.
   The following responses are valid:

   YES      NO       QUIT
   TRUE     FALSE    Ctrl/Z
   1        0        ALL
            <Return>

   You can use any combination of uppercase and lowercase letters
   for word responses. You can abbreviate word responses to one or
   more letters (for example, T, TR, or TRU for TRUE), but these
   abbreviations must be unique. Affirmative answers are YES, TRUE,
   and 1. Negative answers include: NO, FALSE, 0, and pressing
   the Return key. Entering QUIT or pressing Ctrl/Z indicates that
   you want to stop processing the command at that point. When you
   respond by entering ALL, the command continues to process but no
   further prompts are given. If you type a response other than one
   of those in the list, DCL issues an error message and redisplays
   the prompt.
 

/CONTIGUOUS

      /CONTIGUOUS
      /NOCONTIGUOUS

   Specifies that the output file must occupy contiguous physical
   disk blocks. By default, the COPY command creates an output file
   in the same format as the corresponding input file. Also, by
   default, if not enough space exists for a contiguous allocation,
   the COPY command does not report an error. If you copy multiple
   input files of different formats, the output file may or may not
   be contiguous. You can use the /CONTIGUOUS qualifier to ensure
   that files are copied contiguously.

   The /CONTIGUOUS qualifier has no effect when you copy files to
   or from tapes because the size of the file on tape cannot be
   determined until after it is copied to the disk. If you copy a
   file from a tape and want the file to be contiguous, use the COPY
   command twice: once to copy the file from the tape, and a second
   time to create a contiguous file.
 

/CREATED

      /CREATED (default)

   Modifies the time value specified with the /BEFORE or the /SINCE
   qualifier. The /CREATED qualifier selects files based on their
   dates of creation. This qualifier is incompatible with the
   /BACKUP, /EXPIRED, and /MODIFIED qualifiers, which also allow
   you to select files according to time attributes. If you specify
   none of these four time qualifiers, the default is the /CREATED
   qualifier.
 

/EXCLUDE

      /EXCLUDE=(filespec[,...])

   Excludes the specified files from the copy operation. You can
   include a directory but not a device in the file specification.
   The asterisk (*)  and the percent sign (%) wildcard characters
   are allowed in the file specification. However, you cannot use
   relative version numbers to exclude a specific version. If you
   specify only one file, you can omit the parentheses.
 

/EXPIRED

   Modifies the time value specified with the /BEFORE or the
   /SINCE qualifier. The /EXPIRED qualifier selects files according
   to their expiration dates. (The expiration date is set with
   the SET FILE/EXPIRATION_DATE command.) The /EXPIRED qualifier
   is incompatible with the /BACKUP, /CREATED, and /MODIFIED
   qualifiers, which also allow you to select files according
   to time attributes. If you specify none of these four time
   qualifiers, the default is the /CREATED qualifier.
 

/EXTENSION

      /EXTENSION=n

   Specifies the number of blocks to be added to the output
   file each time the file is extended. If you do not specify
   the /EXTENSION qualifier, the extension attribute of the
   corresponding input file determines the default extension
   attribute of the output file.
 

/LOG

      /LOG
      /NOLOG (default)

   Controls whether the COPY command displays the file
   specifications of each file copied.

   When you use the /LOG qualifier, the COPY command displays the
   following for each copy operation:

   o  The file specifications of the input and output files

   o  The number of blocks or the number of records copied
      (depending on whether the file is copied on a block-by-block
      or record-by-record basis)

   o  The total number of new files created
 

/MODIFIED

   Modifies the time value specified with the /BEFORE or the /SINCE
   qualifier. The /MODIFIED qualifier selects files according to
   the dates on which they were last modified. This qualifier
   is incompatible with the /BACKUP, /CREATED, and /EXPIRED
   qualifiers, which also allow you to select files according
   to time attributes. If you specify none of these four time
   modifiers, the default is the /CREATED qualifier.
 

/OVERLAY

      /OVERLAY
      /NOOVERLAY (default)

   Requests that data in the input file be copied into the existing
   specified file, overlaying the existing data, rather than
   allocating new space for the file. The physical location of
   the file on disk does not change. However, for RMS indexed and
   relative files, if the output file has fewer blocks allocated
   than the input file, the copy fails giving an RMS-E-EOF error.

   The /OVERLAY qualifier is ignored if the output file is written
   to a non-file-structured device.
 

/PROTECTION

      /PROTECTION=(ownership[:access][,...])

   Specifies protection for the output file.

   o  Specify the ownership parameter as system (S),  owner (O),
      group (G),  or world (W).

   o  Specify the access parameter as read (R),  write (W), execute
      (E),  or delete (D).

   The default protection, including any protection attributes not
   specified, is that of the existing output file. If no output file
   exists, the current default protection applies.

   For more information on specifying protection codes, see the
   OpenVMS Guide to System Security.
 

/READ_CHECK

      /READ_CHECK
      /NOREAD_CHECK (default)

   Reads each record in the input files twice to verify that it has
   been read correctly.
 

/REPLACE

      /REPLACE
      /NOREPLACE (default)

   Requests that, if a file exists with the same file specification
   as that entered for the output file, the existing file is to
   be deleted. The COPY command allocates new space for the output
   file. In general, when you use the /REPLACE qualifier, include
   version numbers with the file specifications. By default, the
   COPY command creates a new version of a file if a file with
   that specification exists, incrementing the version number. The
   /NOREPLACE qualifier signals an error when a conflict in version
   numbers occurs.
 

/SINCE

      /SINCE[=time]

   Selects only those files dated after the specified time. You can
   specify time as absolute time, as combination of absolute and
   delta times, or as one of the following keywords: BOOT, LOGIN,
   TODAY (default), TOMORROW, or YESTERDAY. Specify one of the
   following qualifiers with the /SINCE qualifier to indicate the
   time attribute to be used as the basis for selection: /BACKUP,
   /CREATED (default), /EXPIRED, or /MODIFIED.

   For complete information on specifying time values, see the
   OpenVMS User's Manual or the topic SPECIFY Date_Time in online
   help.
 

/TRUNCATE

      /TRUNCATE (default)
      /NOTRUNCATE

   Controls whether the COPY command truncates an output file at
   the end-of-file (EOF) when copying it. This operation can only be
   used with sequential files.

   By default, the actual size of the input file determines the size
   of the output file. If you select /NOTRUNCATE, the allocation of
   the input file determines the size of the output file.
 

/VOLUME

      /VOLUME=n

   Places the output file on the specified relative volume number of
   a multivolume set. By default, the COPY command places the output
   file arbitrarily in a multivolume set.
 

/WRITE_CHECK

      /WRITE_CHECK
      /NOWRITE_CHECK (default)

   Reads each record in the output file after it was written to
   verify that the record was copied successfully and that the file
   can be read subsequently without error.

                                  NOTE

      Some hardware devices, such as TK50 tape drives, verify data
      integrity as part of their hardware function. For devices
      such as these, you do not need to use /WRITE_CHECK. For
      information about which devices provide automatic write
      checking, consult your hardware documentation.
 

2  Examples

   1.$ COPY TEST.DAT NEWTEST.DAT

     In this example, the COPY command copies the contents of the
     file TEST.DAT from the default disk and directory to a file
     named NEWTEST.DAT on the same disk and directory. If a file
     named NEWTEST.DAT exists, the COPY command creates a new
     version of the file.

   2.$ COPY ALPHA.TXT TMP
     $ COPY ALPHA.TXT .TMP

     In this example, the first COPY command copies the file
     ALPHA.TXT into a file named TMP.TXT. The COPY command uses the
     file type of the input file to complete the file specification
     for the output file. The second COPY command creates a file
     named ALPHA.TMP. The COPY command uses the file name of the
     input file to name the output file.

   3.$ COPY *.* PRTLND::*.*

     In this example, the COPY command copies all files within the
     user directory at the local node to the remote node PRTLND. The
     new files have the same names as the input file. You must have
     write (W) access to the default directory on remote node PRTLND
     for the command to work.

   4.$ COPY BOSTON::DISK2:TEST.DAT;5
     _To: DALLAS"SAM SECReturn"::DISK0:[MODEL.TEST]TEST.DAT/ALLOCATION=50

     In this example, the COPY command copies the file TEST.DAT;5
     on the device DISK2 at node BOSTON to a new file named TEST.DAT
     at remote node DALLAS. The /ALLOCATION qualifier initially
     allocates 50 blocks for the new file TEST.DAT at node DALLAS.
     The access control string SAM SECReturn is used to access the
     remote directory.

   5.$ COPY [SMITH]CATS.DIR [JONES]
     $ COPY [SMITH.CATS]*.* [JONES.CATS]*.*

     In this example, the COPY command creates the new
     empty directory [JONES.CATS] that is registered in the
     [JONES]CATS.DIR directory file. After the COPY command creates
     the new [JONES]CATS.DIR directory file, you can copy or create
     files in the [JONES.CATS] directory.

     The second COPY command in this example copies files from the
     [SMITH.CATS] directory to the [JONES.CATS] directory.

   6.$ COPY [SMITH]CATS.DIR [SMITH]DOGS.DIR

     In this example, the COPY command creates the new empty
     directory file, called [SMITH]DOGS.DIR. Use this copy command
     to create a directory file that has the same attributes as the
     [SMITH]CATS.DIR file. This command example has the same effect
     as entering the command:

       $ CREATE/DIRECTORY [SMITH.DOGS]

   7.$ COPY [SMITH]CATS.DIR [SMITH.ANIMALS]
     $ COPY [SMITH.CATS]*.* [SMITH.ANIMALS.CATS]*.*
     $ DELETE [SMITH.CATS]*.*;*
     $ SET PROTECTION=W=D CATS.DIR
     $ DELETE CATS.DIR;

     In this example, the COPY command creates the new empty
     directory file called [SMITH.ANIMALS]CATS.DIR. The subsequent
     commands in this example then copy the files from the
     [SMITH.CATS] directory to the [SMITH.ANIMALS.CATS] directory,
     then delete the original CATS.DIR directory file. Because the
     CATS.DIR is a directory file, you must specify a protection
     code of delete (D)  before you can delete the directory file.
 

2  /FTP
   Transfers files between hosts with possibly dissimilar file
   systems over a TCP/IP connection by invoking the FTP utility.

   Format

     COPY/FTP  fromFile toFile
 

3  Parameters
 

fromFile

   Specifies the name of an existing file (the source file) to be
   copied.
 

toFile

   Specifies the name of the output file (the destination file) into
   which the input file is copied.
 

3  Qualifiers
 

/ANONYMOUS

   Causes an anonymous access to the remote node or nodes.
   /ANONYMOUS is the default remote access. The password
   passed to the remote node should be in the form of
   "user@fullyqualifiednodename".
 

/ASCII

   Used to identify an ASCII file (text file). /ASCII is the
   default.
 

/BINARY

   Required to identify binary files.
 

/FDL

   This qualifier is optional. Causes interaction with an FDL (file
   definition language) file. If the file is being copied to the
   local OpenVMS system, a remote FDL file is sought and interpreted
   for the operation. If the file is being copied outside the local
   OpenVMS system, an FDL file is generated and copied in addition
   to the requested file. If the /FDL qualifier is specified and the
   vendor application does not support it, a warning message may be
   issued.
 

/LOG

   Displays a message at SYS$OUTPUT when a file is transferred.
 

/NOSTRUVMS

   Used to explicitly disable the negotiation of STRU OpenVMS
   transfers. Otherwise, some servers will immediately abort when
   negotiating the feature.
 

/VERBOSE

      /VERBOSE
      /NOVERBOSE

   Specifies whether all messages (including banner messages) are to
   be displayed on the terminal. By default, disables the display of
   the messages.
 

3  Example

 $ COPY/FTP/FDL/ANON rms_indexed_
file.idx remotehst5::"/public/rms.idx.file"

     This example transfers the OpenVMS RMS file rms_indexed_
     file.idx to the remote file public/rms.idx.file on remotehst5
     over a TCP/IP connection. Access to the remote host is
     anonymous and an FLD file is generated and copied along with
     rms_indexed_file.idx.
 

2  /RCP
   Copies files from host to host over a TCP/IP connection by
   invoking the RCP utility.

   Format

     COPY/RCP  fromFile toFile
 

3  Parameters
 

fromFile

   Specifies the name of an existing file (the source file) to be
   copied.
 

toFile

   Specifies the name of the output file (the destination file) into
   which the input file is copied.
 

3  Qualifiers
 

/AUTHENTICATE

   Specifies that Kerberos authentication should be used for
   acquiring access to the remote node.
 

/LOG

   Displays a message in SYS$OUTPUT when a file is transferred.
 

/PRESERVE

   Preserves the file protection codes.
 

/RECURSIVE

   Requests a subdirectory copy operation.
 

/TRUNCATE

      /TRUNCATE=USERNAME

   Truncates the user name to 8 characters.
 

/USERNAME

      /USERNAME=username

   Optional qualifier that specifies the remote user name. The
   standard operation is to log in to a remote system using the same
   user name as at the local terminal. The command supports quoted
   parameters in the /USERNAME value.
 

3  Example

 $ COPY/RCP local_file.c remotehst4"Smith smpw"::rem_file.c

     This example copies local_file.c to rem_file.c on the remote
     host remotehst4 over a TCP/IP connection.
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